Basic Symmetry Operations


Is there a reflection? What is a glide-reflection? What other operations are used in the pattern design? There are only four basic operations that bring about an unending variety of symmetric patterns: translation, rotation, reflection, and glide-reflection. Here's the symmetry lingo at a glance. Use the symmetry types as indicated by SymmetryWorks icons to experiment with each symmetry operation.
Simple shift
(Translation)


Mirror
(Reflection)
Glide-reflection
(reflection + translation)


180° rotation
(half-turn)

Two-fold rotation center

120° rotation (1/3-turn)

Three-fold rotation center


90° rotation
(quarter-turn)

Four-fold
rotation center

60° rotation (1/6-turn)

Six-fold rotation center

Download the PDF file